Compared with traditional buildings, steel structure building is a new building structure- the entire building made of steel. The structure mainly comprises steel beams, columns, trusses, and other parts made of section steel and steel plates. It is connected between parts and parts by welding, bolts, and rivets. The lightweight and simple structures are widely used in large factories, stadiums, super high-rise buildings, and other fields.
The type of steel building structure includes the portal rigid steel frame, frame structure, truss structure, and grid structure. Feature and application of the standard type of steel building structure 1.Portal frame structure has simple force, clear force transmission path, and fast construction speed. It is widely used in industrial and civil buildings such as industrial, commercial, cultural, and entertainment public facilities. 2.Steel building frame structures are flexible and can form a larger space. It is widely used in the multi-story and high-rise building such as commercial office building, shopping mall, conference center and other buildings. 3.Steel truss structure is using small cross-section tube to form larger cross-section components, which are often used in industrial and civil buildings such as large span roof, bridge, tower, marine oil production platform, etc., with large span or height in the building. 4.The steel grid structure is a high-order statically indeterminate space structure composed of many rods according to certain rules with small space stress, lightweight, high rigidity, and excellent seismic resistance. It can be used as a gymnasium, exhibition hall, petrol station and hangars, etc.
1. Portal Frame Steel Building Structures
The portal steel frame comprises a hot-rolled or welded H section steel, cold-formed C/Z steel, and steel pipe as the main force-bearing components and adopts a light roof and wall structure. The portal frame is the most common form of the light steel structure. The rigid portal frame is a structure in which beams and columns are rigidly connected. It has the characteristics of simple structure, lightweight, reasonable stress, simple construction. Therefore, it is widely used for workshop, warehouse, logistics center, storage, farm shed, etc .
Composition of the portal frame steel structure workshop system Steel structure workshops are divided into light steel workshop and heavy steel workshop. The workshop's structural system is mainly composed of H section steel column, wind column, parapet column, roof steel beam, crane beam, platform beam, column bracing, horizontal roof bracing, wall girt, roof purlin, wall purlin, tie bar, and other components. The primary structure is the portal steel frame, which can be single-span, multi-span, or multi-story.
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Steel structure workshop
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1. Primary Framing
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H column and beam
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2. Secondary Framing
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Z and C sections purlin
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3. Roof and Wall panels
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steel sheet and insulated sandwich panels
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4. Steel Decking Floor
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Decking board
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5.Structural subsystem
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Canopies, Fascias, Partitions, etc.
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6.Mezzanines, Platforms
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H beam
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7.Other Building Accessories
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Sliding Doors, Roll Up Doors, Windows, Louvers, etc.
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2. Steel Building Frame Structure
The steel frame structure is composed of steel beams and columns that can withstand vertical and horizontal loads. Columns, beams, bracing, and other members are rigidly or hinged connected to form a flexible layout and create a larger space. It is widely used in a multi-story, high-rise, and super high-rise building, commercial office building, shopping mall, conference center, and other building.
Composition of the steel frame structure For the steel frame structure, with the increase of the number of layers and height and bearing a large vertical load, the lateral resistance (wind load, earthquake action, etc.) requirements become the primary bearing characteristics of the frame. The steel frame structure system is generally divided into frame structure, frame bracing structure, frame shear wall structure, and frame tube structure. Frame structure: The frame is composed of columns and beams, which bear vertical and lateral forces. Steel columns generally use H-shaped steel, box-shaped steel columns, or steel tube columns. Frame bracing structure: The frame is composed of columns and beams, and bracing are provided between the columns to resist lateral forces. Frame shear wall structure: similar to the frame bracing structure, except that the bracing is replaced with a shear wall to resist lateral forces. The shear wall is generally a concrete slab or steel plate, or a steel-concrete composite structure with better lateral stiffness than bracing and is more flexible in layout, suitable for higher building structures.
3. Steel Truss Structure
The steel truss structure is made up of several rods hinged at both ends of each rod. It can be divided into plane truss and space truss. According to the parts section, it can be divided into tube truss and angle steel truss. The truss is generally composed of the upper chord, lower chord, vertical rod, diagonal web, and inter-truss support. The amount of steel used in trusses is less than that of solid web beams, the structural weight is lighter, and the rigidity is greater. The advantage of the steel truss is that it is used to form more significant members with smaller cross-sections. It is often used in large span roof, bridges, towers, marine oil platform of industrial and civil buildings.
Composition of the steel truss structure The truss is a structure formed by a plurality of rods hinged connected at each rod's end and divided into a plane truss and a space truss. The sectional form of the parts includes tube truss, H-shaped steel truss, box-shaped truss, angle steel truss, etc. The truss is generally composed of upper chords, lower chords, vertical rods, web rob, and bracing between truss. The amount of steel used for the truss is less than that of the H beam, the structure has a lighter weight, and the rigidity is greater. It is widely used in high-rise building, large-span structure, and bridge.
4. Steel Grid Structure
The grid structure has good integrity, good stability, large spatial stiffness, can effectively bear asymmetric load, concentrated load and dynamic load, and has good seismic performance. At the same time, under the action of joint load, each bar mainly bears the axial tension and pressure, which can give full play to the strength of the material and save steel. The grid structure not only realizes the construction of large-span structure with smaller size of members, but also occupies less space and can effectively use space. It is used as a gymnasium, exhibition hall, petrol station, aircraft hangar. Composition of steel grid structure The grid is a spatial structure formed by connecting multiple rods with nodes in a specific grid form. There are many types of grids, which are classified according to different standards. The different composition methods are divided into cross-truss system grids, triangular cone system grids, quadrangular cone system grids, and hexagonal cone system grids. The flat grid is mainly composed of chords, diagonal webs, intermediate nodes, support nodes, etc.
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